In the United States and internationally, major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the top 10 most debilitating illnesses. Moreover, a sizeable portion of patients either do not respond to commonly used psychotropic medications or only have a partial response. These patients are generally classified as having Treatment Resistant Depression (i.e., Treatment Resistant Depression or Treatment Resistant Schizophrenia). Hence, treatment resistant disorders are among the most commonly encountered psychiatric conditions that prescribing and medical psychologists face. Additionally, treatment resistant conditions are associated with the development of substance use disorders and suicide. Therefore, it is important to understand available treatment options for patients with treatment resistant disorders so that they may enjoy a higher quality of life. 

This seminar discusses antidepressants and antidepressant combinations, and other anxiolytic medications, as well as emerging/experimental agents and complementary and alternative therapies shown to be helpful for treatment resistant disorders.

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